Flash burn is a common term used to describe eye injuries caused by exposure to intense ultraviolet (UV) light or radiation. Unlike typical burns to the Flash Burn, flash burns affect the eyes, causing temporary or, in severe cases, permanent damage. Often associated with welding, sun-gazing, or artificial UV sources, flash burns are painful but usually preventable with proper safety measures.

What Causes Flash Burn?

Flash burn, medically known as photokeratitis, occurs when the cornea—the transparent front layer of the eye—is exposed to excessive UV light. Common causes include:

1. Welding arcs: Arc welding produces UV and infrared radiation that can damage the eyes within seconds if proper protection isn’t used.
2. Sun exposure: Looking directly at the sun or during activities like snowboarding or skiing without UV-protective eyewear.
3. Tanning lamps: High-intensity UV lamps in tanning beds can also cause flash burns.
4. Laboratory and industrial work: Certain UV lamps and lasers pose risks without adequate eye protection.

Symptoms of Flash Burn

Symptoms typically appear a few hours after exposure and may include:

• Pain or a gritty sensation in the eyes
• Redness and tearing
• Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
• Blurred vision
• Swelling of the eyelids

Although extremely uncomfortable, flash burns are usually temporary, and symptoms often resolve within 24 to 48 hours with proper care.

Treatment for Flash Burn

Flash burn generally heals on its own, but certain measures can ease discomfort and prevent complications:

1. Rest the eyes: Avoid bright light and allow the eyes to recover.
2. Lubricating eye drops: Artificial tears can relieve dryness and irritation.
3. Cold compresses: Reduce swelling and soothe pain.
4. Pain relief: Over-the-counter pain medications may help with discomfort.
5. Avoid rubbing your eyes: Rubbing can worsen irritation or cause further damage.

In severe cases, such as when vision does not improve or symptoms persist beyond 48 hours, professional medical attention is necessary.

Prevention Is Key

Since flash burns are entirely preventable, safety measures are critical:

• Wear proper eye protection: Use certified welding helmets, UV-blocking sunglasses, or goggles depending on the activity.
• Limit exposure: Avoid staring directly at the sun or reflective surfaces like snow or water.
• Follow workplace safety guidelines: Especially in industries using UV light sources.
• Educate others: Awareness of the risks of UV exposure helps prevent accidental injuries.

When to See a Doctor

Seek immediate medical attention if:

• Vision loss occurs
• Severe eye pain persists
• There is intense redness or discharge
• Symptoms worsen despite self-care

Early intervention can prevent long-term damage and complications.

Conclusion

Flash burn is a painful but preventable eye injury caused by UV exposure. Awareness, proper eye protection, and timely treatment are essential to minimize discomfort and protect long-term vision. Whether at work, outdoors, or in recreational settings, taking precautions can ensure your eyes stay safe from the harmful effects of intense light.